If I understand correctly, users have the option of passing --allow deprecated to rustc in order to ignore deprecation warnings. That's probably okay if someone wants to compile code written a few years ago with the currently stable compiler.
As I understand the published Rust stability guarantees, try! does have to stick around forever, at least on the existing 2015 and 2018 editions. Deprecation doesn't mean removal is planned, just that you should stop using it because there are better alternatives now. The relevant RFC even specifies that "renaming/moving/removing any public items" is a "major change," even if the items are deprecated.